Which countries dared to invade Russia?

accept as true with it or now not, Russia has been partly conquered a few times in its heritage, but not ever defeated.

1. The Golden Horde

Sergey Prisekin, The battle of Kulikovo, 1980

world appear Press

in the beginning, the state of the Golden Horde was a part of the Mongol Empire. In 1237, Batu Khan, the ruler of the Golden Horde, invaded the Kievan Rus, burning and looting its greatest cities Kiev, Vladimir, Ryazan', Chernihiv, in addition to others. at the time, the Mongol military enormously outnumbered the Russians.

After the invasion, the Mongols retreated to the steppe, since it wasn't their purpose to annex the Russian territories. in its place, the Mongols let the Russians make a decision for themselves which princes may additionally rule in Russian cities – however so as to get permission, Russian princes needed to go back and forth to the Golden Horde to pay their respects and gain approval to rule. additionally, the Russians were made to pay tribute to the Golden Horde, even after 1259, when it grew to be a separate khanate from the Mongol Empire. This system of dependence was known as the Tatar-Mongol Yoke.

The Yoke enormously affected Russian subculture. technology, literacy, and creation all deteriorated vastly all through the Yoke. although, in 1380, Prince Dmitry of Moscow famously defeated the Horde's army in the battle of Kulikovo, which all started the lengthy-awaited liberation of the Russian lands. The Yoke formally resulted in 1480, when Ivan the great of Moscow grew to become the Tatar armies again after the standoff on the Ugra river. Russian lands had become unbiased once more.

2. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

'The Poles quit the Moscow Kremlin to Prince Pozharsky' by using Ernst Lissner

Tretyakov Gallery

ingredients of what would ultimately develop into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth had been waging battle in opposition t Russian lands considering the 15th century. And in 1569, the Commonwealth changed into shaped between Polish and Lithuanian lands, making the resulting union tons greater.

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After the Time of Troubles fell on Russia, the Commonwealth, together with Sweden, invaded the lands of the Muscovy Tsardom. In 1610, within the combat of Klushino, the Polish military smashed the Russian forces. soon, the self-equipped government of the Seven Boyars invited Władysław IV Vasa to develop into the Russian ruler. for two years, Moscow become controlled by way of the Polish invaders, until in 1612, the Russian individuals's domestic preserve, led with the aid of Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky, liberated Moscow from the Polish invasion. soon after, the Romanov dynasty become installed.

three. Sweden

'The battle of Poltava,' engraving by way of F. Simon after the normal of D. Marten

Vladimir Boiko/world appear Press

Swedish armies in brief conquered Novgorod in 1611, however in 1617 were pressured to provide it again. although, due to the situations of the 1617 peace treaty, Russia misplaced its entry to the Baltic Sea. 

Later, throughout the awesome Northern conflict (1700 - 1721), the Swedish military invaded the then-Russian territories of Belarus, taking the city of Mogilev. whereas some Swedes tried to put siege to Saint Petersburg in 1708 (but the city resisted), Charles XII of Sweden led an army to invade the territories around Smolensk, but eventually couldn't take the metropolis, which had all the time been considered "the important thing to Moscow". So Charles and his army headed south to Ukraine.

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In June 1709, near the city of Poltava, Peter the amazing famously destroyed the Swedish army in an epic combat, and Charles XII fled to Turkey.

four. France

'Napoleon in Moscow,' 1841, by using Albrecht Adam.

Moscow Kremlin Museums

during the Russian crusade of 1812, over 600 thousand troopers of the French army, led via Napoleon, invaded the Russian Empire by crossing the Neman river and attacking Riga. His forces then proceeded to Smolensk. The French pushed the Russian military returned, burned down Smolensk and marched on to Moscow.

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in the combat of Borodino close Moscow, each armies suffered severe losses, however Napoleon then took Moscow (for the final time in the city's historical past). however, this ended in nothing. Alexander I of Russia didn't accept peace, certainly not "in any respect fees", because the determined French emperor, abandoned with his half-defeated army in a burned-down Moscow, turned into soliciting for.

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because the French military started to retreat, the Russian individuals launched a guerilla warfare which, in conjunction with the Russian military's moves, smothered the French forces after which chased them back to Paris except finished defeat.

5. The 1918 intervention

The British army in Arkhangelsk in 1918

Archive photo

This unprecedented intervention happened during the Civil warfare in Russia (1917-1921), whereas the Soviet state changed into nevertheless in its infancy. After the Brest treaty of March 1918, which ended Russia's involvement in WWI, distinct states started defense force occupations of quite a few Russian territories. Most particularly, Germany had occupied elements of European Russia, splendid Britain held Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Sevastopol, and the Crimea; France and Greece partly managed Odessa; Italy and exceptional Britain took part within the invasion of the Russian some distance East, and Finland had occupied the territory of Karelia. In complete, 14 distinctive states had occupied Russia all over this period.

but with the aid of 1919, because of both defense force and diplomatic actions via the Bolshevik govt, lots of the foreign forces had left the Russian territories.

6. Nazi Germany

Bundesarchiv, Bild 101I-218-0510-22 / Thiede / CC-by means of-SA 3.0

Nazi Germany's onslaught on Russia during World war II changed into the largest and the deadliest defense force operation within the background of mankind.

The Germans had begun their attack in quite a few directions, occupying Ukraine (then u.s.'s territory), sieged Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), took Kursk within the south and Arkhangelsk in the north and Voronezh. The invasion stretched over most of European Russia's territory, achieving Stalingrad (now Volgograd) within the south, but after the devastating fight of Stalingrad, Hitler's military became pushed returned to Kursk and forced to retreat returned to Germany, the place they have been finally defeated.

 just as the Russian Empire took the French capital in 1812 to be certain victory, the us, too, had taken Berlin in 1945, crushing the titanic Nazi regime with the help of the world conflict II allies.

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